Авторы: Max R. Annis, Martin V. Smith
Название: Drilling fluids technology
Формат: PDF
Размер: 7 Mb
Год издания: July, 1974
Contents
Introduction
Functions of a Drilling Fluid
Pressure Control
Hole Cleaning
Cleaning Beneath the Bit
Cooling and Lubricating
Hole Cleaning
Cleaning Beneath the Bit
Cooling and Lubricating
Seal Permeable Formation
Stabilize Borehole
Corrosion Control
Formation Evaluation
Formation Damage
Relationship of Mud Properties to Function
Density
Flow Properties
Marsh Funnel
Fann V-G Meter
Marsh Funnel
Fann V-G Meter
Plastic Viscosity
Yield Point
Gel Strength
Solids Analysis
Retort
Methylene Blue Test Filtration
Dynamic Filtration
Methylene Blue Test Filtration
Dynamic Filtration
Static Filtration
Water Chemistry
pH and Alkalinity
Calcium and Magnesium Determinations
pH and Alkalinity
Calcium and Magnesium Determinations
Chloride Determination
Pilot Testing
Relationship of Mud Composition to Properties
Solids
Inert Solids
Active Solids
Effect of Salinity on Clays
Prehydration of Bentonite
Effect of Calcium and Magnesium on Clays
Cement Contamination
Emulsified Oil
Treating Agents
Deflocculants (Thinners)
Fluid Loss Control Agents
Deflocculants (Thinners)
Fluid Loss Control Agents
Viscosifiers
Emulsifiers, Surfactants and Lubricants
Emulsifiers, Surfactants and Lubricants
Drilling Problems
Lost Circulation
Pipe Sticking
Differential Pressure Sticking
Pipe Sticking Due to Poor Hole Cleaning
Pipe Sticking Due to Plastic Flow of Salt
Pipe Sticking
Differential Pressure Sticking
Pipe Sticking Due to Poor Hole Cleaning
Pipe Sticking Due to Plastic Flow of Salt
Solids Control
Dilution
Screening
Settling
Hydrocyclones
Desilter-Screen Combination (Mud Cleaner)
Screening
Settling
Hydrocyclones
Desilter-Screen Combination (Mud Cleaner)
Centrifuge
Arrangements of Solids Control Equipment
Arrangements of Solids Control Equipment
Product Descriptions
Weighting Agents
Clays
Thinners
Clays
Thinners
Polymers
Oil Muds
Oil Muds
Composition
Properties
Uses of an Oil Mud
Properties
Uses of an Oil Mud
Maintenance
Balanced Activity
Displacement
Cementing
Testing and Reporting Guidelines
Testing and Reporting Guidelines
Procedure for Measuring Activity
Identification and Treatment of Contaminants
Cement
Calcium and Magnesium
Salt
Carbonates
Calcium and Magnesium
Salt
Carbonates
Appendix A - Pressure Control Calculations
Pressure Losses in Annulus in Laminar Flow
Equivalent Circulating Density
Pressure Losses in Annulus in Turbulent Flow
Pressure Losses in Annulus in Turbulent Flow
Standpipe Pressure Method for Determining Pressure Losses in Annulus
Use of Standpipe Pressure Method to Prevent Lost Return
The Standpipe Choke
Use of Standpipe Pressure Method to Prevent Lost Return
The Standpipe Choke
Pressure Surges
Density Increase Due to Drilled Solids Influx
Density Increase Due to Drilled Solids Influx
Pressure Gradient Table
Appendix В - Solids Analysis and Control
Mud Solids Analysis
Range of Solids Content, Plastic, Viscosity, and Yield Point
Materials Requirements While Centrifuging
Range of Solids Content, Plastic, Viscosity, and Yield Point
Materials Requirements While Centrifuging
Desander and Desilter Performance Calculations
Appendix C - Density Control
Density Increase Equations and Tables
Dilution Graph
Appendix D - Water Chemistry
Effect of Temperature on Properties of Water
Saltwater Data
Calcium Chloride Data
Freezing Points of Sodium Chloride Solutions
Saltwater Data
Calcium Chloride Data
Freezing Points of Sodium Chloride Solutions
Water Mud Chemistry
Equivalent Weights Table
Sulfide and Carbonate Analysis
Appendix E - Volume and Displacement Tables
Capacity of Hole
Capacity of Casing
Drill Collar Capacities and Displacements
Drill Collar Capacities and Displacements
Drill Pipe Capacities and Displacements
Appendix F - Lost Circulations Slurries and Barite Plugs
Diaseal M Slurry
Attapulgite-Barite Slurry
Attapulgite-Barite Slurry
Bentonite-Diesel Oil
Barite Plug Guidelines
Barite Plug Guidelines
Appendix G - Miscellaneous
Conversion Table
Filtration Equations
Filtration Equations
Particle Slip Velocity Equations