Eni: COMPLETION DESIGN MANUAL

Авторы: eni

Название: COMPLETION DESIGN MANUAL

Формат: PDF

Размер: 3,6 Mb

Год издания: 1999

Contents

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. PURPOSE OF THE MANUAL
1.2. OBJECTIVES
1.3. FUNCTIONS OF A COMPLETION
1.4. MANUAL UPDATING, AMENDMENT, CONTROL & DEROGATION
2. RESERVOIR CONSIDERATIONS
2.1. INTRODUCTION
2.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF RESERVOIR ROCKS
2.2.1. Porosity
2.2.2. Permeability
2.2.3. Relative Permeability
2.2.4. Wettabilty
2.2.5. Fluid Distribution
2.2.6. Fluid Flow In The Reservoir
2.2.7. Effects Of Reservoir Characteristics
2.2.8. Reservoir Homogeneity
2.3. HYDROCARBON DATA
2.3.1. Oil Property Correlation
2.4. RESERVOIR/PRODUCTION FORECAST
2.4.1. Inflow Perfomance
2.4.2. Reservoir Simulation For IPR Curves
2.4.3. IPR Selection
2.4.4. Outflow Performance
2.4.5. Flow Rate Prediction
3. WELL TESTING
3.1. INTRODUCTION
3.1.1. Types of Tests
3.2. DST OBJECTIVE
3.3. DST STRING
3.4. RESERVOIR CHARACTERISTICS
3.4.1. Pressure Build-Up Analysis
3.4.2. Basics Of DST Operations
3.4.3. Common Test Tools Description
3.4.4. Tools Utilised With Permanent Packer Systems
3.4.5. Sub-Sea Test Tools Used On Semi-Submersibles
3.4.6. Deep Water Tools
3.4.7. Downhole Pressure Recording

3.5. WELL PRODUCTION TEST OBJECTIVES
3.5.1. Periodic Tests
3.5.2. Productivity Or Deliverability Tests
3.5.3. Transient Tests
4. DRILLING CONSIDERATIONS
4.1. CASING DESIGN
4.1.1. Casing Profile
4.1.2. Casing Specifications
4.1.3. Casing Connections
4.2. WELL DEVIATION SURVEYS
4.3. CASING CEMENTING CONSIDERATIONS
4.3.1. Production Casing Cementing
4.3.2. Production Casing Cement Evaluation
5. WELL COMPLETION DESIGN
5.1. FACTORS INFLUENCING COMPLETION DESIGN
5.1.1. Reservoir Considerations
5.1.2. Mechanical Considerations
5.1.3. Safety Considerations
5.2. RESERVOIR-WELLBORE INTERFACE
5.2.1. Open Hole Completions
5.2.2. Uncemented Liner Completions
5.2.3. Perforated Completions
5.2.4. Multi-Zone Completions
5.3. CASING-TUBING INTERFACE
5.3.1. Packer Applications
5.3.2. Packer-Tubing Interfaces
5.3.3. Annulus Circulation
5.4. TUBING-WELLHEAD INTERFACE
5.4.1. Tubing Hanger Systems
5.4.2. Xmas Trees
5.4.3. Metal-To-Metal Seals
5.5. FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS
5.5.1. Stimulation
5.5.2. Formation Management
5.5.3. Well Servicing Techniques
5.6. OPTIMISING TUBING SIZE
5.6.1. Reservoir Pressure
5.6.2. Flowing Wellhead Pressure
5.6.3. Gas-Liquid Ratio
5.6.4. Artificial Lift

6. CORROSION
6.1. DEVELOPMENT WELLS
6.2. CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO CORROSION
6.3. FORMS OF CORROSION
6.3.1. Sulphide Stress Cracking (SSC)
6.3.2. Corrosion Caused By CO2 And Cl-
6.3.3. Corrosion Caused By H2S, CO2 And Cl-
6.4. CORROSION CONTROL MEASURES
6.5. CORROSION INHIBITORS
6.6. CORROSION RESISTANCE OF STAINLESS STEELS
6.6.1. Martensitic Stainless Steels
6.6.2. Ferritic Stainless Steels
6.6.3. Austenitic Stainless Steels
6.6.4. Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steels
6.6.5. Duplex Stainless Steel
6.7. COMPANY DESIGN PROCEDURE
6.7.1. CO2 Corrosion
6.7.2. H2S Corrosion
6.8. MATERIAL SELECTION
6.8.1. OCTG Specifications
6.8.2. DHE Specifications
6.8.3. Wellhead Specifications
6.9. ORDERING SPECIFICATIONS
7. TUBING DESIGN
7.1. POLICIES
7.2. THEORY
7.2.1. Mechanical Properties of Steel
7.2.2. Temperature
7.2.3. Tubing Movement/Stress Relationship
7.3. WELL DATA.
7.3.1. Casing Profile/Geometry
7.3.2. Tubing Data
7.3.3. Bottom-hole Pressure
7.3.4. Temperatures (Static and Flowing)
7.3.5. Reservoir Fluids
7.3.6. Completion Fluid
7.4. PRESSURE INDUCED FORCES
7.4.1. Piston Effect
7.4.2. Buckling Effect
7.4.3. Ballooning Effect
7.4.4. Temperature Effect
7.5. EVALUATION OF TOTAL TUBING MOVEMENT

7.6. ANCHORED TUBING
7.6.1. Tubing Permitting Limited Motion
7.6.2. Packer Setting
7.7. TUBING LOAD CONDITIONS
7.7.1. Pressure Testing
7.7.2. Acid Stimulation
7.7.3. Fracturing
7.7.4. Flowing
7.7.5. Shut-In
7.7.6. Load Condition Summary
7.8. TUBING SELECTION
7.8.1. Critical Factors
7.8.2. Tubing Size And Weight
7.8.3. Anchoring Systems
7.9. TUBING CONNECTIONS
7.9.1. Policy
7.9.2. Class of Service
7.9.3. Selection Criteria
7.9.4. NACE And Proximity Definitions
7.9.5. CRA Connections
7.9.6. Connection Data
7.10. TUBING STRESS CALCULATIONS
7.10.1. Calculation Methods
7.10.2. Safety Factor
7.10.3. External Pressure Limit
7.10.4. Packer Load Limits
7.10.5. Example Manual Calculation
7.10.6. Example Computation
8. SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT
8.1. PACKERS
8.1.1. Selection Procedure
8.1.2. Selection Criteria
8.1.3. Well Classification
8.1.4. Packer Selection For Single String Completion
8.1.5. Single Selective Completion Packers
8.2. SUB-SURFACE SAFETY VALVES
8.2.1. Policy
8.2.2. Applications
8.2.3. Wireline Retrievable Safety Valves
8.2.4. Surface Controlled Sub-Surface Safety Valves
8.2.5. Valve Type/Closure Mechanism Selection

8.3. CONTROL/INJECTION LINE SELECTION
8.3.1. Control Lines
8.3.2. Injection Lines
8.3.3. Tube Specifications
8.3.4. Material Selection
8.3.5. Fittings
8.3.6. Protectors
8.3.7. Encapsulation
8.3.8. SCSSV Hydraulic Control fluid
8.3.9. Control/Injection Line Selection Procedure Flow Chart
8.4. WIRELINE NIPPLE SELECTION
8.4.1. Tapered Nipple Configuration
8.4.2. Selective Nipple Configuration
9. PERFORATING
9.1. SHAPED CHARGE PERFORATING
9.2. GUN TYPES
9.2.1. Wireline Conveyed Casing Guns
9.2.2. Through-Tubing Hollow Carrier Guns
9.2.3. Through-Tubing Strip Guns
9.2.4. Tubing Conveyed Perforating
9.3. GUN PERFORMANCE
9.3.1. API And Performance Data
9.3.2. Underbalanced Perforating
9.3.3. Firing Heads
9.3.4. Perforating Procedures
10. ARTIFICIAL LIFT
10.1. GAS LIFT
10.1.1. Impact On Completion Design
10.1.2. Common Problems
10.2. ELECTRICAL SUBMERISBLE PUMPS
10.2.1. ESP Performance
10.2.2. Impact On Completion Design
10.2.3. Common Problems
10.3. HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEMS
10.3.1. Impact On Completion Design
10.4. ROD PUMPS
10.4.1. Impact On Completion Design
10.5. SCREW PUMP SYSTEMS
10.6. PLUNGER LIFT
10.7. SUMMARY ARTIFICIAL LIFT SELECTION CHARTS
10.7.1. Design Considerations And Comparisons
10.7.2. Operating Conditions Summary
10.7.3. Artificial Lift Considerations

11. USE OF UNDERBALANCE COMPLETION FLUIDS
11.1. POLICY
11.2. BARRIER PRINCIPLES
11.3. APPLICATION
11.4. RISK ASSESSMENT
11.4.1. Well Testing
11.4.2. Completions
APPENDIX A - REPORT FORMS
A.1. INITIAL ACTIVITY REPORT (ARPO 01)
A.2. DAILY REPORT (ARPO 02)
A.3. WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT REPORT (ARPO 06)
A.3. PERFORATING REPORT (ARPO 07)
A.4. GRAVEL PACK REPORT (ARPO 08)
A.5. MATRIX STIMULATION/HYDRAULIC FRACTURE REPORT (APRO 09)
A.6. WIRELINE REPORT (ARPO 11)
A.7. PRESSURE/TEMPERATURE SURVEY REPORT (ARPO 12)
A.8. WELL PROBLEM REPORT (ARPO 13)
A.9. WELL SITUATION REPORT (ARPO 20)
APPENDIX B - NOMENCLATURE FOR TUBING CALCULATIONS
APPENDIX C - ABBREVIATIONS
APPENDIX D - BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX E - TUBING MOVEMENT/STRESS COMPUTER PROGRAMMES